Stable Gender Gap and Similar Gender Trend in Chronic Morbidities between 1997-2015 in Adult Canary Population.

There is little information about the trend of the gender gap in chronic morbidities and whether the trend of expansion occurs equally in the age and gender groups. The objectives were to examine the consistency and stability of the gender gap in the main self-reported chronic morbidities in the general population, and, likewise, to analyze the trend of major chronic morbidities between 1997 and 2015 in men and women across age groups. The data were extracted from the Canary Health Survey, which uses a probabilistic sampling in the population >16 years of age, for the years 1997 (n = 2167), 2004 (n = 4304), 2009 (n = 4542), and 2015 (n = 4560). The data for the twelve most frequent chronic morbidities were analyzed using logistic regression, estimating the annual change ratio between 1997 and 2015, adjusting for age and educational level. The interaction of age with the period (1997−2015) was examined to analyze the rate of change for each morbidity in the age groups. Musculoskeletal diseases, headaches, anxiety and depression, and peripheral vascular diseases showed a stable gender gap across observed years. High cholesterol and high blood pressure tended to a gap reduction, while heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory disease did not show a significant gender gap along the period. The trend of the main chronic morbidities increased similarly in men and women in all age groups, but significantly in women older than 60 years and in men older than 45 years. Aging explained a substantial part of the trend of increasing prevalence of the main chronic morbidities, but not totally. Factors other than age and education are driving the increase in chronic morbidity in older age groups.

Evolución del consumo de alimentos y del estado nutricional de la población adulta canaria entre 1964 y 2013 / Evolution of food consumption and nutritional status of the Canary adult population between 1964 and 2013

Fundamentos: Canarias ha experimentado cambios muy rápidos tanto en el consumo de alimentos como en su estado nutricional. El objetivo es conocer la evolución del consumo de los alimentos más importantes y del estado nutricional en el periodo comprendido entre los años 1964 y 2013, así como las defunciones relacionadas con la nutrición entre 1980 y 2013. Métodos: Se revisaron las Encuestas de Presupuestos Familiares para conocer el consumo de diferentes alimentos. Las fuentes para el cálculo del IMC fueron la Encuesta Nutricional de Canarias, Encuesta Nacional de Salud y las Encuestas de Salud de Canarias. Para el cálculo de los niveles de actividad física se utilizaron las preguntas sobre actividad física en el tiempo libre de las Encuestas de Salud de Canarias de los años 1997 y 2004. La fuente de información utilizada para las defunciones relacionadas con la nutrición fueron los microdatos de defunciones para Canarias solicitados al Instituto Nacional de Estadística de los años 1980 y 2013. Resultados: Se ha pasado de un gran consumo de hidratos de carbono en la década de los 60 a una disminución de los mismos y a un consumo exagerado de bebidas azucaradas no alcohólicas con un aumento progresivo de embutidos y bollería industrial donde más del 50% de la población adulta se encuentra en situación de sobrepeso y obesidad y sedentarismo. Las causas de mortalidad relacionadas con la nutrición han disminuido aunque la mortalidad por diabetes se incrementa. Conclusiones: La fuerte caída del consumo de los hidratos de carbono con un alto consumo de bebidas azucaradas y altas tasas de sedentarismo es congruente con altas tasas de obesidad y sobrepeso y la mortalidad por diabetes (AU)

Background: Canary Islands have experienced very rapid changes in both food intake and nutritional status. The objective set is to know the evolution of consumption of the most important food and nutritional status in the period 1964 and 2013. Method: Household Budget Surveys were revised to meet the consumption of different foods. The sources for BMI calculation were the Canary Nutrition Survey, National Survey of Health and Health Surveys Canary Islands. To calculate levels of physical activity questions about physical activity were used at the time of the Canary Islands Health Surveys of 1997 and 2004. The source of information used for nutrition-related deaths were the micro data Canary requested deaths for the National Institute for Statistics 1980 and 2013. Results: It has gone from a high consumption of carbohydrates in the 60s to a decrease thereof and to excessive consumption of sugary soft drinks with a progressive increase of sausages and bakery where over 50 % of the adult population is in a situation of overweight and obesity and physical inactivity. The causes of nutrition-related mortality have decreased although mortality from diabetes increases. Conclusions: The sharp drop in the consumption of carbohydrates with a high consumption of sugary and high rates of sedentary lifestyle beverages is consistent with high rates of obesity and overweight and mortality from diabetes (AU)